УДК: 631.432:631.811:581.1
Lavrov I.V., Fedorov A.N.
Abstract This article provides a comparative analysis of the consequences of these two types of water stress. It is shown that soil drought primarily limits the mass flow and diffusion of ions in the rhizosphere, blocking the entry of elements such as potassium and phosphorus at the soil-to-root level. Atmospheric drought, by causing stomatal closure, creates an energy deficit (ATP) and disrupts element translocation in the shoot, mimicking the symptoms of "hidden starvation" even with sufficient moisture and nutrients in the soil. Particular attention is paid to the molecular mechanisms of ion channel function (AKT, GORK, SLAC) under water stress and the role of potassium in regulating stomatal conductance. Understanding the specifics of these mechanisms is essential for developing strategies for the differentiated application of fertilizers in a changing climate.
Keywords: atmospheric drought, soil drought, moisture deficit, potassium, phosphorus, ion channels, stomatal regulation, mass flow, diffusion
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