УДК 633.88
Authors:
S. E. Saparklycheva
Ural State Agrarian University (Yekaterinburg, Karl Liebknecht str., 42)
Annotation. Vitamins (from Lat. vita – "life") are a group of low-molecular organic compounds of various chemical structures, vital for the normal functioning of the body. The physiological need for vitamins is individual for each organism, it depends on gender, age, health status, and the nature of work. Currently, about 30 vitamins are known, of which about 20 enter the body with plant and animal food, the rest are synthesized in the internal organs. Vitamin A (retinol) is fat-soluble, the daily requirement is 1.0-1.5 (2 mg) or 4-5 mg of carotene. In plants, vitamin A is not synthesized, but they contain an orange pigment-carotene, and from it in the human body vitamin A is produced. With its deficiency, growth slows down, the body's resistance decreases, vision is impaired, dryness and fragility of hair appear, protein and fat metabolism deteriorates. Vitamin A and carotenoids play an important role in the prevention of neoplasms. Studies in recent years have revealed a link between the development of cancer and a lack of vitamin A. From herbaceous plants are rich in carotene-river gravilate, mountain bird, nettle dioecious, dandelion, plantain large, primrose spring. An increased content of carotenoids in green leaves of plants is observed in the early stages of development, as the plant ages, their content decreases sharply.
Key words: retinol (vitamin A), plants rich in carotene, physiological need for vitamin A
